Simply put, a lathe bed is the main body of a machine. The rest is on the Lathe Bed. On the Lathe Bed are the rest of the Head Stock / Tail Stock / Carriage. The top surface of the lathe bed has a guide way to move the carriage, tail stock and sliding motion.
2. Head Stock
The head stock refers to the metal casting hive attached to the spindle at the top left of the machine. The head stock includes the main spindle. The head stock section includes connections for motor rotation and spindle rotation. Lever / Gears / Bearings are included to adjust the spin speed.